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The following shows sample output from the advanced pattern matcher, which has multiple patterns for the {product} and {person-product-preference} semantic tags.
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--------------------[Abe Lincoln likes the iPhone-7]-------------------- |
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V |
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^---[Abe]----V--[Lincoln]--V--[likes]--V--[the]--V------[iPhone-7]-------^
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^---[iPhone]----V--[7]--^
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^---[abe]----^--[lincoln]--^ ^---[iphone]----^
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^--[{name}]--^--[{place}]--^ ^-----------[{product}]-----------^
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^-------[{product}]-------^
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^---------[{name}]---------^ ^--[{product}]--^
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^--------[{place}]---------^ ^------[iphone-7]-------^
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^------[{product}]------^
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^-----------------[{person-product-preference}]------------------^
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^---------------------[{person-product-preference}]----------------------^ |
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No vertices are created in this stage. |
The Advanced Pattern Stage accepts patterns that span any number of tokens/items. This is not a character matching/regex engine. The way the patterns works is to replace and expand tokens, not characters, using precedence rules and simple symbols to define repetitions and optional tokens.
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An advanced pattern always requires a tag to work. (e.g "token {tag}") |
These are the symbols supported for patterns:
Symbol | Usage | |
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Zero or more of preceding | * | {tag}* token* |
One or more of preceding | + | {tag}+ token+ |
Zero or one of preceding | ? or [ ] | {tag}? [{tag}] token? [token] |
Grouping and escaping | ( ) " " | ({tag} token) "some tokens" "what?" |
Alternations | | | token1|{tag}|token2 |
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There cannot be whitespaces between the tokens and the symbols, for example “token1 | token2” (notice there are whitespaces between token1 and the pipe symbol as well as after) is not valid, it should be written as “token1|token2”. Or “{tag}?”, adding a space between the closing curly bracket and the question mark will not yield the expected result. |
This is the precedence order used by the pattern expansion process (from highest to lowest):
"" | escaping | All other symbols are turned off inside of quotes |
( ) [ ] | groupings and optional | All other chars will act on groups |
? + * | wildcards | Apply to tokens, tags, or groups |
| | alternations | Apply to tokens, tags, or groups |
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Wildcards such as + and * have a limit of repetitions set by the "Maximum Repeats" value on the configuration. |
Example patterns:
this that | Matches the literal token "this" followed by the literal token "that" |
this|that | Matches "this" or "that". |
{animal} | Matches any token that has been tagged as an {animal}. |
this {tag}? that | Matches "this" followed by "that", optionally with a {tag} token in between |
this {tag}* that | As above, but with any number (zero or more) of {tag} tokens in between. |
this {tag}+ that | As above, but with at least one {tag} token in between |
(this that)+ | Matches "this that this that..." etc. |
(left handed)|(right handed) tool | Matches "left handed tool" or "right handed tool". |
Phrase “here is optional”? | Matches “Phrase” and “here is optional” might be at the end of the phrase. |
Phrase [here is optional] | Matches same as above. |
Is the last phrase “here optional?” | Matches the whole phrase as the ? mark is within the escaping. |
One|two|three|more alternatives | Matches multiple optional values. |
In a galaxy far+ away | Matches up to 5 (depending on Maximum Repeats values) repetitions of “far” e.g. In a galaxy far far far far far away. |
The resource data
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is a database of advanced patterns
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and the resulting semantic
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tags that they produce.
Resource Format
The pattern database is a series of JSON records, typically indexed by "pattern block ID". Each JSON record represents
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a block of patterns (one or more)
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that all produce the same semantic tag. The format is as follows:
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"_id" : " |
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KGAAJGsBemSwA0nZTLXA", |
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" |
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tag": |
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" |
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recipe", |
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" |
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pattern": |
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" |
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(" |
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how many" |
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|"how much") {ingredient} ", "confAdjust": 0.95 |
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. . . additional fields as needed go here . . . |
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These will all be added to the interpretation graph with the SEMANTIC_TAG flag.
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Tags are hierarchical representations of the same intent. For example, {city} → {administrative-area} → {geographical-area} |
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Currently, tokens are separated on simple white-space and punctuation, and then reduced to lowercase. |
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